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Contribution la connaissance cytotaxinomique des spermatophyta du Portugal. II. Compositae Fernandes, A. & M. Queirs.Bol. Soc. Brot. ser. 245: 5-121(1971).
KAWATANI, T., T. OHNO, & A. KANEMATSU. 1968. Trial cultivation of echniopses, their chromosome numbers, and the occurrence of Echinopsine. Bull. Nat. Inst. of Hyg. Sci. 86: 103-105.
FERNANDES, A., & M. QUEIROS. 1971. Contribution a la connaissance cytotaxinomique des Spermatophyta du Portugal. II Compositae Bol. soc. Brot. 45 (ser. 2l: 5-122.
Garnatje T, Valles J, Garcia S, Hidalgo O, Sanz M, Canela MA, Siljak-Yakovlev S. 2004. Genome size in Echinops L. and related genera (Asteraceae, Cardueae): karyological, ecological and phylogenetic implications. Biology of the Cell 96: 117-124.
Garnatje, T. (2004). Contribution to the karyological knowledge of Echinops (Asteraceae, Cardueae) and related genera. Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 145: 337–344.
Fernandes, A. & Queirós, M. (1971a). Contribution à la connaissance cytotaxinomique des spermatophyta du Portugal. II. Compositae. Bol. Soc. Brot. 45: 5-122.
Kawatani, T., Ohno, T. & Kanematsu, A. (1968). Trial cultivation of echniopses, their chromosome numbers, and the occurrence of Echinopsine. Bull. Nat. Inst. Hyg. Sci. 86: 103-105.